Sudan’s ousted Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok has been reinstated following last month’s coup when he was put under house arrest. But uncertainties remain in Sudan’s politics.
Hamdok has appeared on TV to sign a new power-sharing agreement with coup leader General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan amid continuing mass protests.
But the civilian coalition that nominated Hamdok as PM two years ago refused to acknowledge any new deal.
The pact had been struck with a gun to his head, a spokesperson.
“The future of the country will be determined by the young people on the ground,” said Siddiq Abu-Fawwaz, from the Forces for Freedom and Change (FFC) coalition.
Sudan’s main civilian opposition coalition, the Forces of Freedom and Change, said on Sunday it does not recognize any political agreement with the military.
The coalition said mass protests rejecting the military’s power grab last month will continue.
This comes after Sudan‘s General al-Burhan and Prime Minister Hamdok reached a deal for Hamdok’s return and the release of civilian leaders detained since a military coup, mediators said Sunday.
Burhan on October 25 declared a state of emergency and ousted the government in a move that upended a two-year transition to civilian rule, drew international condemnation and punitive measures, and provoked large protests.
“A political agreement has been reached between General Burhan, Abdalla Hamdok, political forces and civil society organizations for Hamdok’s return to his position, and the release of political detainees,” senior Sudanese mediator Fadlallah Burma, acting head of the Umma party, told AFP.
The deal includes the restoration of Hamdok as prime minister, the release of all detainees, and what it said was the resumption of the constitutional, legal and political consensus governing the transitional period, according to mediators.
On the streets of capital, Khartoum, the security forces have fired tear gas at protesters marching towards the presidential palace and demanding the military’s complete withdrawal from politics.
Since 25 October, when the military declared a state of emergency and dissolved the civilian leadership, at least 40 people have died in mass protests against the coup.
Hamdok said he had agreed to the deal to stop the violence.
“Sudanese blood is precious, let us stop the bloodshed and direct the youth’s energy into building and development,” Reuters news agency quoted him as saying.
Under the agreement, the reinstated prime minister will lead a cabinet of technocrats until elections are held. But it is unclear how much power the new civilian government will have, as it it will be subject to military oversight.
Hamdok told the deal gave him complete freedom to form his government and hold elections before July 2023. It also allows the release of political prisoners.
The military has come under intense international and domestic pressure to restore the transition to democracy. The World Bank froze its aid to Sudan, and the African Union (AU) suspended the country’s membership of the bloc.
Western powers, including the U.S., UK and EU, have welcomed Hamdok’s reinstatement and called for more political detainees to be freed.
The army entered into a fractious power-sharing arrangement with the FFC in August 2019, after long-time leader Omar al-Bashir was overthrown amid mass protests.
As part of that agreement, Gen Burhan had been due to step down as head of state, handing over to a civilian this month.
He says the army acted to prevent a civil war that was threatening to erupt because political groups had been inciting civilians against the security forces.
Mediators of the new agreement, which included academics, journalists and politicians, said the rules governing the transition towards democracy would be restored.
But questions are being asked about the military’s sincerity to do so, says BBC World Service Africa editor Mary Harper.
The fear is that continued instability in Sudan will further threaten the volatile Horn of Africa, she says.
Hamdok told that the government will be a technocratic government of independent competencies, and will focus on limited issues, foremost of which is the democratic transition.
Hamdok told that while under house arrest he contacted a wide range of political forces to foster a broad consensus and ensure the transition period would be successful.
Hamdok and General Al-Burhan agreed that the prime minister would have complete freedom to choose a government of national competencies and that four political prisoners will be released as part of the agreement. The four will include Omar Al-Daqeer and Yasser Arman
Critics of the agreement believe it will largely allow the military to retain control, while also absolving it from the violence it perpetrated in the wake of the coup.